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Seams & Construction Calculators

Seam allowances, darts, pleats, gathers, hems and construction detail calculations.

10 free calculators in Seams & Construction

Garment Construction Techniques

Good garment construction starts with accurate seam allowances. In the UK, most commercial patterns include a 1.5cm seam allowance, though some independent pattern companies use 1cm. Understanding what seam allowance is included and adding or trimming accordingly is essential for a proper fit.

Darts shape flat fabric to fit body curves. Bust darts, waist darts and shoulder darts each have specific proportions based on the amount of shaping needed. Pleats and gathers add fullness — box pleats typically use 3× the finished width, knife pleats 2×, and gathers range from 1.5× to 3× depending on fabric weight and desired fullness.

Professional finishing details like piping, welting and binding require precise fabric strip calculations. Piping is cut on the bias for curves, while binding can be cut on the straight grain for straight edges. Zipper length depends on the garment opening — dress zips are typically 55–60cm, skirt zips 18–23cm, and trouser zips 15–20cm.